Urbanization
...result of population increases affecting the carrying capacity, technology meant to increase efficiency and productivity using artificial means and so on. A description of what constitutes the environment is relative in terms of distance or space. More importantly however, is the immediate environment, which directly affects the immediate populations more than those, which are further from the area.
The effects of the environment resulting to a resident of an urban center may affect both rural and urban populations but the incidence is more on urban populations than on rural populations and vice versa. To have a more detailed analysis of the environmental issues and their effects on both classes of populations, we have to go over the pressures affecting both environments and their impacts both locally and widespread i.e. Indiscriminate.
2. Environmental effects of urban centers or cities.
A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. In most parts of the world cities are generally substantial and nearly always have an urban core.
A rural area therefore simply means outside the limits of any incorporated or unincorpated city, town, village, or any other designated residential or commercial area such as a subdivision, a business or shopping center, or community development. It is usually characterised by farms of other forms of activities, which require large tracts of land such as ranching.
As late as 1900, there were barely 43 cities in the world exceeding 500,000 population, of which only 16 exceeded 1,000,000. Since 1950 the number of large cities has increased very rapidly (about 400 exceed 1,000,000). Metropolitan areas have grown to form even larger agglomerations and some very large urban areas with populations in the tens of millions have emerged. For example,...
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