The Jews
...individual- regardless of class, family, and religion- everyone is created equally under God- emphasis on rationalism- rational approach to politics and religion- began to have a more secular thinking using logic- allowed Jews to stand alongside Christians and have the same rights-
court Jews: were select Jewish individuals who had close business ties with kings- enjoyed rights and privileges as Christians- still most Jews lived in ghettos
Ghetto: internal and external- internal- Jews wanted to live closer together because of kosher and shabbat- tradition- external- Christians built walls to separate- hence ghetto Christians did not want Jews to live with them-
Haskalah: the Jewish Enlightenment, was a movement among European Jews in the late 18th century that advocated adopting enlightenment values, pressing for better integration into European society, and increasing education in secular studies, Hebrew, and Jewish history. the first Jewish political movements and the struggle for Jewish emancipation. The term is sometimes used to describe modern critical study of Jewish religious books, such as the Mishnah and Talmud, when used to differentiate these modern modes of study from the methods used by Orthodox Jews. Language played a key role in the haskalah movement, as Mendelssohn and others called for a revival in Hebrew and a reduction in the use of Yiddish. Haskalah resulted in an increased rate of assimilation, as Jews known as maskilim became estranged from their traditional religious beliefs. Haskalah produced such groups as the Reform movement, which deviated from traditional Judaism with denial of Divine source of Torah and relaxation of Jewish law.
The Jew: by Lessing: saves a life of a baron and did not want an award; proves Jew's enlightenment, response was negative because the truth about Jews was not recognized; people thought it was...
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