Chemistry Notes
...Dot 1: Identify the industrial source of ethene from the cracking of some of the fractions from the refining of petroleum.
Structural formula:
Petroleum (crude oil) it is a different mixture of different hydrocarbons which is formed over thousand of years from the remaining of fossil and marine life
Separations into fractions by a process known as fractional distillation separations is based on the boiling point of the hydrocarbons components the crude oil vapours and the mixture rise to the fractional distillations
Dot 2: Identify that ethene, because of the high reactivity of its double bond, is readily transformed into manu useful products.
Ethylene is produced by thermal and catalytic cracking. Ethylene is ranked as one of the top 5 product to produce by chemical industries world wide. Ethylene is manufactured from naphtha and LPG gas petroleum + reactions. This process is used to produced ethylene and small chains of hydrocarbons
In the catalytic process the heavy crude oil vapour is combined with a hot catalyst composed of powerful Zeolite (Aluminium silicate) with high interred surface area due to cavities and turmoils
Product
Formula
Use
Polyethylene
(CH2)n
Plastic
Ethylene oxide
(CH2)2O
Steriliser
Ethanol
C2H5OH
Disinfectant
Ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
Food preservative
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Chemistry Notes Daniel le Production of Materials
Dot 3: Identify the ethene serves as a monomer from which polymers are made
There are two forms of polyethylene Low density polyethylene (LDPE) and High density Polyethylene (HDPE)
(LDPE) An organic peroxide initiator forms radicals which inciades the polymerisation reactions this is done at a high temperature and pressure (1000-3000ATM) & 300 °C
The high temperature and pressure of high environments give monomers molecules high kinetics energy. This allows them to react at their much quicker pace rate at...
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